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The orchestrator and delegator roles are two sides of one economic engine. An orchestrator earns from two independent streams, and shares a configurable portion of each with its delegators. Understanding this split is what lets either side make good decisions.

Two revenue streams

StreamCurrencySourceFrequencyDepends on
Service feesETHGateways paying for computePer job (probabilistic)Volume of work, price, uptime
Inflation rewardsLPTNew LPT minted each roundOnce per roundTotal bonded stake; the reward call
The streams are structurally independent. Fees track how much work you do; rewards track how much stake you have. Both require active-set membership.

Service fees (ETH)

Gateways pay with probabilistic micropayment tickets. Each ticket has a face value and a win probability; the orchestrator redeems only winning tickets on-chain for ETH. Over many tickets, earnings converge to face value × win probability. How fees are split is set by the orchestrator’s fee share (feeShare) — the percentage of fees passed through to delegators:
total fee value = orchestrator's keep + delegator fee pool
A feeShare of 80% means delegators share 80% of fee revenue and the orchestrator keeps 20%. For delegators, higher feeShare is better.
Current Explorer surfaces label this Fee Share (the part passed to delegators), not “fee cut.” Read it as: higher is better for delegators.

Inflation rewards (LPT)

The protocol mints new LPT each round. An active orchestrator’s pool receives a share proportional to its total bonded stake — but only if it calls reward() that round. A missed call forfeits that round’s LPT for the whole pool, permanently. How the pool is split is set by the reward cut (rewardCut) — the percentage the orchestrator keeps:
total round reward = orchestrator's reward cut + delegator reward pool
Reward cutOrchestrator keepsDelegators receiveImplication
0%none100%Maximum pull for delegated stake; operator earns nothing from rewards
10–25%10–25%75–90%Common production range; balances operator return with delegator appeal
100%100%noneMaximum operator return; delegators get no LPT rewards here
For delegators, lower rewardCut is better. rewardCut and feeShare move in opposite directions, which is a common source of confusion — see the table below.

The two settings, side by side

SettingControlsBetter for delegators when
rewardCutShare of LPT inflation the orchestrator keepsLower
feeShareShare of ETH fees passed to delegatorsHigher

A worked example (delegator’s view)

Suppose in one round:
  • 900 LPT of issuance is available to delegators and orchestrators (after any treasury cut),
  • your orchestrator controls 5% of total bonded stake → its pool gets 45 LPT,
  • its rewardCut is 10% → delegators share 40.5 LPT,
  • you hold 10% of that pool’s stake.
Your reward for the round is 4.05 LPT. If many more delegators join the same orchestrator after you, your slice of the pool shrinks — your percentage of the pool is what matters, not the absolute stake.

Why inflation matters even if you don’t operate

The protocol targets a bonding rate (~50% of LPT bonded) and adjusts inflation to steer toward it: under-bonded → inflation rises to attract stake; over-bonded → inflation falls to reduce dilution. Issuance can also carry a treasury cut (LIP-92 set 10%, currently paused at its balance ceiling). The practical takeaway for both roles: the mint rate is not static — check the live values rather than an old annualized figure.

An orchestrator’s costs

Earnings are only half the picture. Orchestrator costs fall into three buckets:
  • Hardware — GPU(s), server, networking (capital, amortized).
  • Infrastructure — electricity, bandwidth, colocation/cloud (electricity is usually the largest recurring cost).
  • Staking opportunity cost — LPT locked in self-bond can’t be used elsewhere.
Unlike gateways, orchestrators don’t pay for the jobs they process — they’re paid. Very low-stake orchestrators should also check that reward-call gas doesn’t exceed the LPT earned; if so, disable automatic reward calling until stake grows (see Configure).

Next

Set pricing (orchestrator)

Price competitively so gateways select you.

Choose an orchestrator (delegator)

Use these settings to compare operators.

Governance & the treasury

Where the treasury cut goes — and the vote your stake carries.